Learn
SEC filings, explained
Public companies disclose an enormous amount, but the documents are dense and the rules are not obvious. These plain-English guides break down what each SEC filing contains, how to read it, and how to turn it into an edge in your own research.
SEC Filings 101
How to Read a 10-K: The 5 Sections That Actually Matter
A 10-K annual report runs 100+ pages, but most of the signal lives in five sections. Here is what each one tells you and the order to read them in.
7 min readSEC Filings 101
10-K vs 10-Q vs 8-K: Which SEC Filing Tells You What
The three filings you will see most from any US public company, and exactly what each one contains, how often it arrives, and when to read it.
6 min readSEC Filings 101
8-K Item Codes Explained: What Each Triggering Event Means
An 8-K tells you what happened before you read it, through its item code. Here is what each 8-K section covers and which codes tend to move the stock.
7 min readInsider Trading
Form 4 Transaction Codes Explained: Reading Insider Trades
Every insider trade carries a one-letter transaction code. Here is what P, S, A, M, F, and G mean, and which ones actually signal conviction.
6 min readInsider Trading
How to Spot Insider Buying Signals That Actually Matter
Not all insider buying is equal. Cluster buys, purchase size, who is buying, and the price they pay separate a real signal from routine noise.
6 min readFund Holdings
How 13F Filings Work (and How to Use the 45-Day Lag)
13F filings reveal what hedge funds and institutions hold, but the data is up to 45 days old and shows only part of the portfolio. Here is how to read them anyway.
6 min readOwnership & Activism
SC 13D vs 13G: Activist Stakes vs Passive Ownership
Both are filed when an investor crosses 5% of a company, but a 13D signals intent to influence and a 13G signals a passive stake. Here is how to tell them apart.
6 min readMore guides are on the way, covering 8-K event codes, Form 4 insider transaction codes, 13F institutional holdings, and cross-referencing filings to spot signals early.